o Surrealism inherited its anti-rationalist sensibility from Dada, but was lighter in spirit than that movement.
o Like Dada, it was shaped by emerging theories on our perception of reality, the most obvious influence being Freud's model of the subconscious.
o Founded in Paris in 1924 by Andre Breton with his Manifesto of Surrealism, the movement's principal aim was 'to resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality'.
o Its roots can be traced back to French poets such as Arthur Rimbaud, Charles Baudelaire and Lautreamont, the latter providing the famous line that summed up the Surrealists' love of the incongruous; "Beautiful as the chance encounter of a sewing machine and an umbrella on a dissecting table."
o The major artists of the movement were Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, Renй Magritte and Joan Mirу.
o Surrealism's impact on popular culture can still be felt today, most visibly in advertising.
o Began after WWI
o Time where Europe was physically and physiologically affected by war
o Another influence on surrealisms was the theories of Sigmund Freud
o Meaning “super-reality”
o Subconscious being the mainstream for inspiration
o Generated some kind of order to the chaos of Dada
o Highly organised group of writers and artists who were inspired by the philosophies of Andre Breton
o Aimed to change the previous conventions of art
o They were a sense of ant-art
o Freud’s theories had a profound affect on the surrealists
o Influenced by Bosch and Romanticism
o Artists include: Dali, Delvaux, Ernst, Magritte, Man Ray and Joan Miro
o Artist came from various backgrounds
o Most radical surrealists proposed a state of mind that was permanently disorientated from the outside world
Salvador Dali
"The Persistence of Memory"
1931
Oil on canvas, 24.1 X 33
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