Tony Smith
"Free Ride"
1962
Sculpture
Saturday, February 6, 2010
Pop Art (1950)
Richard Hamilton
"Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?"
1956
Collage, 26 X 24.8
Surrealism (1900)
o A literary and art movement, dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, free of the conscious control of reason and convention.
o Surrealism inherited its anti-rationalist sensibility from Dada, but was lighter in spirit than that movement.
o Like Dada, it was shaped by emerging theories on our perception of reality, the most obvious influence being Freud's model of the subconscious.
o Founded in Paris in 1924 by Andre Breton with his Manifesto of Surrealism, the movement's principal aim was 'to resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality'.
o Its roots can be traced back to French poets such as Arthur Rimbaud, Charles Baudelaire and Lautreamont, the latter providing the famous line that summed up the Surrealists' love of the incongruous; "Beautiful as the chance encounter of a sewing machine and an umbrella on a dissecting table."
o The major artists of the movement were Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, Renй Magritte and Joan Mirу.
o Surrealism's impact on popular culture can still be felt today, most visibly in advertising.
o Began after WWI
o Time where Europe was physically and physiologically affected by war
o Another influence on surrealisms was the theories of Sigmund Freud
o Meaning “super-reality”
o Subconscious being the mainstream for inspiration
o Generated some kind of order to the chaos of Dada
o Highly organised group of writers and artists who were inspired by the philosophies of Andre Breton
o Aimed to change the previous conventions of art
o They were a sense of ant-art
o Freud’s theories had a profound affect on the surrealists
o Influenced by Bosch and Romanticism
o Artists include: Dali, Delvaux, Ernst, Magritte, Man Ray and Joan Miro
o Artist came from various backgrounds
o Most radical surrealists proposed a state of mind that was permanently disorientated from the outside world
Salvador Dali
"The Persistence of Memory"
1931
Oil on canvas, 24.1 X 33
o Surrealism inherited its anti-rationalist sensibility from Dada, but was lighter in spirit than that movement.
o Like Dada, it was shaped by emerging theories on our perception of reality, the most obvious influence being Freud's model of the subconscious.
o Founded in Paris in 1924 by Andre Breton with his Manifesto of Surrealism, the movement's principal aim was 'to resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality'.
o Its roots can be traced back to French poets such as Arthur Rimbaud, Charles Baudelaire and Lautreamont, the latter providing the famous line that summed up the Surrealists' love of the incongruous; "Beautiful as the chance encounter of a sewing machine and an umbrella on a dissecting table."
o The major artists of the movement were Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, Renй Magritte and Joan Mirу.
o Surrealism's impact on popular culture can still be felt today, most visibly in advertising.
o Began after WWI
o Time where Europe was physically and physiologically affected by war
o Another influence on surrealisms was the theories of Sigmund Freud
o Meaning “super-reality”
o Subconscious being the mainstream for inspiration
o Generated some kind of order to the chaos of Dada
o Highly organised group of writers and artists who were inspired by the philosophies of Andre Breton
o Aimed to change the previous conventions of art
o They were a sense of ant-art
o Freud’s theories had a profound affect on the surrealists
o Influenced by Bosch and Romanticism
o Artists include: Dali, Delvaux, Ernst, Magritte, Man Ray and Joan Miro
o Artist came from various backgrounds
o Most radical surrealists proposed a state of mind that was permanently disorientated from the outside world
Salvador Dali
"The Persistence of Memory"
1931
Oil on canvas, 24.1 X 33
Dada (1900)
o Highly political
o Movement born at a time when the horror of WWI was being played out
o Angry artists – they undertook the time honoured artistic tradition of protesting against the war
o Early form of shock art
o Used to make a statement
o Portrayed images to the public to get a negative reaction e.g. Marcel Duchamp’s Mona Lisa they found it widely encouraging
o Started in Zurich
o ONE RULE: never follow any known rules
o Intended to provoke an emotional response
o Abstract and expressionism were the main influences of Dada
o Dada self destructed when it was in danger of actually becoming “acceptable”
o An international movement among European artists and writers between 1915 and 1922
o Characterised by a spirit of anarchic revolt. Dada revelled in absurdity, and emphasised the role of the unpredictable in artistic creation.
o It began in Zurich with the French poet Tristan Tzara thrusting a penknife into the pages of a dictionary to randomly find a name for the movement.
o This act in itself displays the importance of chance in Dada art.
o Irreverence was another key feature: in one of Dada's most notorious exhibitions, organised by Max Ernst, axes were provided for visitors to smash the works on show.
o Dada artists were actually fuelled by disillusionment and moral outrage at the unprecedented carnage of World War One, and the ultimate aim of the movement was to shock people out of complacency.
o Among the leading Dadaists were Marcel Duchamp (whose Mona Lisa adorned with moustache and goatee is a Dada classic), George Grosz, Otto Dix, Hans Richter and Jean Arp. The movement had a strong influence on Pop Art, which was sometimes called neo-Dada.
Hanah Hoch
"Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany"
1919
Collage of pasted papers, 144 X 90
o Movement born at a time when the horror of WWI was being played out
o Angry artists – they undertook the time honoured artistic tradition of protesting against the war
o Early form of shock art
o Used to make a statement
o Portrayed images to the public to get a negative reaction e.g. Marcel Duchamp’s Mona Lisa they found it widely encouraging
o Started in Zurich
o ONE RULE: never follow any known rules
o Intended to provoke an emotional response
o Abstract and expressionism were the main influences of Dada
o Dada self destructed when it was in danger of actually becoming “acceptable”
o An international movement among European artists and writers between 1915 and 1922
o Characterised by a spirit of anarchic revolt. Dada revelled in absurdity, and emphasised the role of the unpredictable in artistic creation.
o It began in Zurich with the French poet Tristan Tzara thrusting a penknife into the pages of a dictionary to randomly find a name for the movement.
o This act in itself displays the importance of chance in Dada art.
o Irreverence was another key feature: in one of Dada's most notorious exhibitions, organised by Max Ernst, axes were provided for visitors to smash the works on show.
o Dada artists were actually fuelled by disillusionment and moral outrage at the unprecedented carnage of World War One, and the ultimate aim of the movement was to shock people out of complacency.
o Among the leading Dadaists were Marcel Duchamp (whose Mona Lisa adorned with moustache and goatee is a Dada classic), George Grosz, Otto Dix, Hans Richter and Jean Arp. The movement had a strong influence on Pop Art, which was sometimes called neo-Dada.
Hanah Hoch
"Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany"
1919
Collage of pasted papers, 144 X 90
Friday, February 5, 2010
Expressionism (1900)
o A term used to denote the use of distortion and exaggeration for emotional effect
o first surfaced in the art literature of the early twentieth century
o intense colour, agitated brushstrokes, and disjointed space.
o Expressionism is an artistic style in which the artist attempts to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in him.
o He accomplishes his aim through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements.
o In a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main currents of art in the later 19th and the 20th centuries, and its qualities of highly subjective, personal, spontaneous self-expression are typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements.
o its goals to strongly impose the artist's own sensibility to the world's representation.
o The expressionist artist substitutes to the visual object reality his own image of this object, which he feels as an accurate representation of its real meaning.
o The search of harmony and forms is not as important as trying to achieve the highest expression intensity, both from the aesthetic point of view and according to idea and human critics.
o As an international movement, expressionism has also been thought of as inheriting from certain medieval art forms and, more directly, Cézanne, Gauguin, Van Gogh and the fauvism movement.
o The most well known German expressionists are Max Beckman, Otto Dix, Lionel Feininger, George Grosz, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, August Macke, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein; the Austrian Oskar Kokoschka, the Czech Alfred Kubin and the Norvegian Edvard Munch are also related to this movement.
o During his stay in Germany, the Russian Kandinsky was also an expressionism addict.
Franz Marc
"The Large Blue Horses"
1911
Oil on canvas, 102 X 160
o first surfaced in the art literature of the early twentieth century
o intense colour, agitated brushstrokes, and disjointed space.
o Expressionism is an artistic style in which the artist attempts to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in him.
o He accomplishes his aim through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements.
o In a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main currents of art in the later 19th and the 20th centuries, and its qualities of highly subjective, personal, spontaneous self-expression are typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements.
o its goals to strongly impose the artist's own sensibility to the world's representation.
o The expressionist artist substitutes to the visual object reality his own image of this object, which he feels as an accurate representation of its real meaning.
o The search of harmony and forms is not as important as trying to achieve the highest expression intensity, both from the aesthetic point of view and according to idea and human critics.
o As an international movement, expressionism has also been thought of as inheriting from certain medieval art forms and, more directly, Cézanne, Gauguin, Van Gogh and the fauvism movement.
o The most well known German expressionists are Max Beckman, Otto Dix, Lionel Feininger, George Grosz, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, August Macke, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein; the Austrian Oskar Kokoschka, the Czech Alfred Kubin and the Norvegian Edvard Munch are also related to this movement.
o During his stay in Germany, the Russian Kandinsky was also an expressionism addict.
Franz Marc
"The Large Blue Horses"
1911
Oil on canvas, 102 X 160
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